Weight-loss diets restrict the intake of specific foods, or food
in general, to reduce body weight. This is what "fad diets"
are marketed for. There is a (sometimes confusing) multitude of
weight loss techniques, many of which are ineffective. What works
for one person will not necessarily work for another, due to metabolic
differences and lifestyle factors. Also, it's important to note
that dieting does not actually lead to weight loss in the long
term. Reducing the body's food supply causes it to stockpile excess
fat as a starvation response once normal eating is resumed - meaning
dieting leads to small short term weight loss, then an increase
in weight shortly afterwards.
Medical conditions often require the following of special diets.
Each of these such diets will specifically include or exclude
or regulate certain chemicals (and the foods that contain them).
For example, a person who has diabetes is often on a diet designed
to carefully manage their blood sugar level. Epileptics are often
put on the Ketogenic Diet. Sufferers of celiac disease must follow
a gluten-free diet, the lactose-intolerant are advised to omit
milk products, and people with kidney disease must follow a strict
low-sodium diet to ease the strain on their kidneys. Treatment
of mild hypertension includes adhering to a diet rich in fruits
and vegetables and low in fat and sodium. This diet may be tailored
to focus on weight loss if that is necessary to control blood
pressure.
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